{"id":36192,"date":"2021-09-17T10:02:26","date_gmt":"2021-09-17T08:02:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.deepspot.com\/potapeni-se-zraloky\/"},"modified":"2024-05-20T11:01:26","modified_gmt":"2024-05-20T09:01:26","slug":"potapeni-se-zraloky","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.deepspot.com\/cs\/potapeni-se-zraloky\/","title":{"rendered":"Pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed se \u017eraloky"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Nev\u00edm, pro\u010d se lid\u00e9 st\u00e1vaj\u00ed pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010di<\/a>, ale mysl\u00edm, \u017ee jsem z\u016fstal, abych vid\u011bl \u017eraloka pod vodou. Nebo je to proto, \u017ee jsem se b\u00e1la, \u017ee pod vodou uvid\u00edm \u017eraloka? Pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010di maj\u00ed ze \u017eralok\u016f sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00e9 pocity. Fascinace a obavy, v\u00fdzva a vzru\u0161en\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Za prv\u00e9, v\u0161ichni jsme m\u00e9dii krmeni strachem ze \u017eralok\u016f<\/strong>. Po\u010d\u00ednaje filmem“\u010celisti<\/strong>“, p\u0159es zpr\u00e1vy s n\u00e1zvem ” \u017dralok kousl turistu<\/em>“. Kdy\u017e se pak u\u010d\u00edme pot\u00e1p\u011bt, zku\u0161en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010di mluv\u00ed o \u017eraloc\u00edch jako o n\u011b\u010dem zaj\u00edmav\u00e9m, o n\u011b\u010dem, co je t\u0159eba vid\u011bt. Pak se za\u010dneme pot\u00e1p\u011bt a uk\u00e1\u017ee se, \u017ee to my lov\u00edme \u017eraloky (alespo\u0148 s kamerou) a ne oni n\u00e1s. Ur\u010dit\u00e9 obavy v\u0161ak p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00ed.Abyste se nau\u010dili dob\u0159e jezdit na koni, mus\u00edte z n\u011bj jednou spadnout. Abyste se p\u0159estali b\u00e1t \u017eralok\u016f, mus\u00edte se se \u017eralokem poprv\u00e9 setkat pod vodou.<\/p>\n\n

Kdy\u017e se za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1me pot\u00e1p\u011bt a vyr\u00e1\u017e\u00edme na prvn\u00ed v\u00fdlety k \u00fates\u016fm, v\u017edy se mluv\u00ed o \u017eraloc\u00edch. Jist\u00fd strach a zv\u011bdavost. Budou, nebo nebudou. Jednoho dne se n\u00e1m to poda\u0159\u00ed. P\u0159il\u00e9t\u00e1 \u017eralok. Typick\u00e9 setk\u00e1n\u00ed vypad\u00e1 n\u00e1sledovn\u011b: Skupina pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010d\u016f pluj\u00edc\u00ed pod\u00e9l \u00fatesu naraz\u00ed na \u017eraloka, kter\u00fd “hl\u00eddkuje” kolem \u00fatesu. \u017dralok si v\u0161imne skupiny pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010d\u016f, m\u00edrn\u011b zrychl\u00ed a ladn\u011b ud\u011bl\u00e1 \u0161irok\u00fd oblouk kolem \u00fatesu, zap\u00f3zuje zku\u0161en\u011bj\u0161\u00edm fotograf\u016fm a pak zmiz\u00ed v mod\u0159i. Zrychlen\u00fd tep a ot\u00e1zka: “To je v\u0161echno?” Nevrhl se na n\u00e1s, nekousl, sotva si n\u00e1s v\u0161iml. Radost, proto\u017ee byl kr\u00e1sn\u00fd, a my\u0161lenka, \u017ee je hloupost b\u00e1t se \u017eralok\u016f. Pot\u00e9 bylo ka\u017ed\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed setk\u00e1n\u00ed netrp\u011bliv\u011b o\u010dek\u00e1vanou p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed k focen\u00ed nebo \u00fa\u017easn\u00fdm z\u00e1\u017eitkem. \u017dralok pohybuj\u00edc\u00ed se pod vodou je zt\u011blesn\u011bn\u00edm s\u00edly. N\u011bkdo by \u0159ekl, \u017ee je kr\u00e1sn\u00fd, ale to nen\u00ed kr\u00e1sa manty, kter\u00e1 je ladn\u00e1 a mr\u0161tn\u00e1. \u017dralok je s\u00edla a hbitost, prost\u011b pred\u00e1tor<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n

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Takto vypad\u00e1 \u017eralok<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

Po n\u011bkolika setk\u00e1n\u00edch se \u017eraloky si za\u010dneme zvykat, i kdy\u017e si mysl\u00edm, \u017ee ur\u010dit\u00e1 obava spojen\u00e1 s fascinac\u00ed nikdy nepomine. Jedn\u00e1 se v\u0161ak o siln\u00e9ho pred\u00e1tora, pro kter\u00e9ho na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed nejsme zam\u00fd\u0161lenou potravou.Ano, ale m\u016f\u017eeme se st\u00e1t n\u00e1hodnou potravou?<\/p>\n\n

Praxe ukazuje, \u017ee s v\u00fdjimkou situac\u00ed, kdy se chov\u00e1n\u00ed \u017eralok\u016f zm\u011bnilo nap\u0159\u00edklad v d\u016fsledku v\u00e1ben\u00ed<\/strong> (o kter\u00e9m se dozv\u00edte v\u00edce pozd\u011bji), se \u017eraloci v\u016f\u010di pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010d\u016fm neprojevuj\u00ed nijak agresivn\u011b. Vyh\u00fdbaj\u00ed se n\u00e1m velk\u00fdm obloukem, a kdy\u017e zpovzd\u00e1l\u00ed pozorujeme skupinu pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010d\u016f a \u017eraloka, je jasn\u00e9, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed respekt m\u00e1 \u017eralok ne\u017e pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010di. Nav\u00edc v\u011bt\u0161ina pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010d\u016f, zejm\u00e9na fotograf\u016f, se p\u0159i pohledu na \u017eraloka vrh\u00e1 do vody. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00e9 zv\u00ed\u0159e nem\u00e1 r\u00e1do, kdy\u017e se na n\u011bj vrh\u00e1 tvor, kter\u00e9ho potk\u00e1, tak\u017ee \u017eraloci v takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b rozhodn\u011b zm\u011bn\u00ed svou plaveckou dr\u00e1hu, aby se “\u00fato\u010dn\u00edkovi” vyhnuli. Za\u017eil jsem to mnohokr\u00e1t, kdy\u017e jsem plaval s fotoapar\u00e1tem ke \u017eralokovi, i kdy\u017e m\u011b v\u017edycky vzadu v mysli napadne, co se stane, kdy\u017e se jednoho dne oto\u010d\u00ed m\u00fdm sm\u011brem.<\/p>\n\n

\n Kde hledat \u017eraloky<\/strong>\n <\/h2>\n\n

Kde nejsn\u00e1ze najdete \u017eraloky?<\/strong> Z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na druhu<\/strong>. \u017draloci p\u00edse\u010dn\u00ed nebo men\u0161\u00ed \u00fatesov\u00ed \u017eraloci \u010dasto “sp\u00ed” na dn\u011b \u00fatesu nebo v jeho \u0161t\u011brbin\u00e1ch na p\u00edsku. V\u011bt\u0161\u00ed kusy hl\u00eddkuj\u00ed v hlub\u0161\u00edch oblastech, obvykle tam, kde proud nar\u00e1\u017e\u00ed na hlubok\u00e9 dno \u00fatesu. Typick\u00fd “\u017eralo\u010d\u00ed” ponor spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee brzy r\u00e1no vyplujete na p\u0159edn\u00ed stranu \u00fatesu p\u0159ed proudem, sestoup\u00edte do hloubky 30-40 metr\u016f a pak z\u00edr\u00e1te do hlubin. Ob\u010das se objev\u00ed \u017eralok. Mezi m\u00edsta, kde je velk\u00e1 \u0161ance narazit na \u017eraloky, pat\u0159\u00ed ostrov Sipadan<\/strong> u Bornea, Kokosov\u00fd ostrov<\/strong> u Kostariky a samoz\u0159ejm\u011b Jihoafrick\u00e1 republika<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n

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Sipadan Iwona a \u017eralok<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

\n V\u00e1ben\u00ed \u017eralok\u016f<\/strong>\n <\/h2>\n\n

Pokud mluv\u00edme o \u017eraloc\u00edch, pak je t\u0159eba upozornit na probl\u00e9m n\u00e1vnad na \u017eraloky<\/strong> a zamyslet se nad n\u00edm.Pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010di cht\u011bj\u00ed vid\u011bt \u017eraloky, a tak se je organiz\u00e1to\u0159i pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed n\u011bkdy sna\u017e\u00ed p\u0159il\u00e1kat potravou<\/strong>. Po n\u011bjak\u00e9 dob\u011b se \u017eraloci s n\u00e1vnadou chovaj\u00ed jako psi. Z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na druhu, jako jsou labrado\u0159i nebo dobrmani, ale p\u0159esto jsou to psi. P\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed, kdy\u017e se objev\u00ed pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010dsk\u00fd \u010dlun, p\u0159iplavou k pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010d\u016fm a nechaj\u00ed se vyfotografovat. Takov\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00e1 v\u0161ak i svou temnou str\u00e1nku. Za prv\u00e9, m\u011bn\u00edme chov\u00e1n\u00ed voln\u011b \u017eij\u00edc\u00edch zv\u00ed\u0159at. Kdy\u017e se to roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed, vede to ke zm\u011bn\u00e1m v cel\u00e9m ekosyst\u00e9mu. To nen\u00ed dobr\u00e9 pro zv\u00ed\u0159ata, kter\u00e1 tam \u017eij\u00ed. Druh\u00fd probl\u00e9m spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee p\u0159il\u00e1kan\u00ed \u017eraloci si po ur\u010dit\u00e9 dob\u011b spoj\u00ed pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010dsk\u00e9 lod\u011b a pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010de se zdrojem potravy. Bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed se k tomu. P\u0159esto jsou to dravci, kte\u0159\u00ed mohou kousnout, kdy\u017e jsou vyd\u011b\u0161en\u00ed, zv\u011bdav\u00ed nebo hladov\u00ed. Praxe ukazuje, \u017ee v oblastech, kter\u00e9 \u017eraloky p\u0159itahuj\u00ed, doch\u00e1z\u00ed k \u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u016fm napaden\u00ed \u017eralokem.<\/p>\n\n

\n Pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed v kleci se \u017eraloky<\/strong>\n <\/h2>\n\n

A nakonec ot\u00e1zka r\u00e1m\u016f<\/strong>. Klece jsou trochu pro pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010de a trochu pro \u017eraloky. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee samoz\u0159ejm\u011b slou\u017e\u00ed k ochran\u011b pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010d\u016f, ale tak\u00e9 k jejich p\u0159il\u00e1k\u00e1n\u00ed. No, proto\u017ee jestli je to klec, je pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b velmi nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1 a \u0161elmy p\u0159ijdou. Mrazilo n\u00e1s a vypr\u00e1v\u011bli n\u00e1m, jak jsme byli ve vod\u011b s tak nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdmi tvory, \u017ee jsme museli sed\u011bt v kleci. Je p\u016fsobiv\u00e9, zda je klec re\u00e1ln\u011b pot\u0159ebn\u00e1, nebo ne. Pokud p\u0159itahuj\u00ed \u017eraloky velk\u00fdch druh\u016f, je pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b lep\u0161\u00ed b\u00fdt v kleci. Tam, kde se \u017eraloky da\u0159\u00ed pozorovat v jejich p\u0159irozen\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed, nejsou klece pot\u0159eba a p\u0159\u00edpady napaden\u00ed jsou mnohem vz\u00e1cn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e jin\u00e9 nehody, se kter\u00fdmi se pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010d m\u016f\u017ee setkat.<\/p>\n\n

Pokud tedy pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed v klec\u00edch nen\u00ed samo o sob\u011b nijak zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 sporn\u00e9, je velmi sporn\u00e9 u\u017e plo\u0161n\u00e9 l\u00e1k\u00e1n\u00ed \u017eralok\u016f do bl\u00edzkosti klec\u00ed. Rekrea\u010dn\u00ed pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010di nebo lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed v oblasti pracuj\u00ed pod vodou – nap\u0159\u00edklad lovci mo\u0159sk\u00fdch plod\u016f – obvi\u0148uj\u00ed postupy kladen\u00ed n\u00e1vnad ze zm\u011bny chov\u00e1n\u00ed \u017eralok\u016f, jejich nadm\u011brn\u00e9ho z\u00e1jmu o lod\u011b a pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010de a z vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fatok\u016f \u017eralok\u016f na lidi, ke kter\u00fdm \u010das od \u010dasu doch\u00e1z\u00ed. V\u011bdci se sna\u017e\u00ed zjistit, do jak\u00e9 m\u00edry ovliv\u0148uje l\u00e1k\u00e1n\u00ed \u017eralok\u016f do bl\u00edzkosti klec\u00ed jejich p\u0159irozen\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed. To jist\u011b vede ke shroma\u017e\u010fov\u00e1n\u00ed \u017eralok\u016f v ur\u010dit\u00fdch oblastech a k jejich z\u00e1jmu o lod\u011b. Na druhou stranu mo\u017enost vyd\u011blat si pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00edm se \u017eraloky vede k jejich v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ochran\u011b v m\u00edstn\u00edch komunit\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n

Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed v kleci p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed zna\u010dn\u00e9 zisky<\/strong>, rozhodlo se je provozovat pom\u011brn\u011b hodn\u011b pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010dsk\u00fdch center. V z\u00e1vislosti na ro\u010dn\u00edm obdob\u00ed a oblasti sv\u011bta m\u016f\u017ee takov\u00fd ponor st\u00e1t p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 200-400 EUR.Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed v kleci je v dan\u00fdch zem\u00edch leg\u00e1ln\u00ed, mus\u00ed si ka\u017ed\u00fd z n\u00e1s odpov\u011bd\u011bt, zda se ho chce z\u00fa\u010dastnit. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed touhou je samoz\u0159ejm\u011b pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed se \u017eraloky b\u00edl\u00fdmi<\/strong> – mohutn\u00fdmi \u017eraloky, kte\u0159\u00ed dor\u016fstaj\u00ed a\u017e 6 metr\u016f a 3 tuny. Nejlep\u0161\u00ed m\u00edsta, kde se m\u016f\u017eete setkat s b\u00edl\u00fdmi \u017eraloky, jsou Isla Guadalupe (Mexiko), Western Cape (Jihoafrick\u00e1 republika), Farallonsk\u00e9 ostrovy (USA), Neptunovy ostrovy (Austr\u00e1lie).<\/p>\n\n

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\u017dralok sipadansk\u00fd<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

\n \u017dralok velryb\u00ed<\/strong>\n <\/h2>\n\n

\u017draloci velryb\u00ed jsou nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ryby na sv\u011bt\u011b a z\u00e1rove\u0148 n\u00e1dhern\u00ed podmo\u0159\u0161t\u00ed ob\u0159i. Pro \u010dlov\u011bka jsou ne\u0161kodn\u00e9. \u017div\u00ed se podobn\u011b jako n\u011bkter\u00e9 velryby planktonem a \u010dasto plavou bl\u00edzko vodn\u00ed hladiny. Proto jsou \u017eraloci velryb\u00ed v mnoha oblastech zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edm “c\u00edlem” pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010dsk\u00fdch a \u0161norchlovac\u00edch v\u00fdprav. Bohu\u017eel, proto\u017ee je obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 zajistit jejich p\u0159\u00edtomnost a je jen mal\u00e1 pravd\u011bpodobnost, \u017ee \u017eralok z\u016fstane v jedn\u00e9 oblasti del\u0161\u00ed dobu, \u010dasto je organiz\u00e1to\u0159i expedic l\u00e1kaj\u00ed pry\u010d. P\u0159esto\u017ee v\u00e1ben\u00ed \u017eralok\u016f velryb\u00edch nep\u0159edstavuje pro \u010dlov\u011bka potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed nebezpe\u010d\u00ed, vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 n\u011bkter\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky kv\u016fli zm\u011bn\u011b zvyk\u016f. Na druhou stranu turistick\u00e1 atraktivita \u017eralok\u016f velryb\u00edch znamen\u00e1, \u017ee jsou v m\u00edstn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed chr\u00e1n\u011bni, m\u00edsto aby byli loveni.<\/p>\n\n

\n Ochrana \u017eralok\u016f<\/strong>\n <\/h2>\n\n

\u017draloci jsou kr\u00e1sn\u00ed (jejich velk\u00e1 u\u017eite\u010dnost pro \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed je jin\u00e1 v\u011bc) a st\u00e1le se lov\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na pro pol\u00e9vku ze \u017eralo\u010d\u00edch ploutv\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se pod\u00e1v\u00e1 v restaurac\u00edch. Sna\u017eme se \u017eraloky chr\u00e1nit. P\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm si neobjedn\u00e1vejme pokrmy ze \u017eralo\u010d\u00edch ploutv\u00ed, nekupujme jejich \u010delisti na trz\u00edch, nekazme pr\u016fmyslov\u00fd odlov \u017eralok\u016f. Pr\u00e1v\u011b sv\u00fdmi pen\u011bzi jako turist\u00e9 \u010dasto ovliv\u0148ujeme chov\u00e1n\u00ed a tak\u00e9 z\u00e1kony v mnoha zem\u00edch. Pokud si v restaurac\u00edch objedn\u00e1v\u00e1me \u017eralo\u010d\u00ed ploutve, pak jsou \u017eraloci loveni. Pokud si zaplat\u00edte pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m m\u016f\u017eete vid\u011bt \u017eraloky, jsou \u017eraloci chr\u00e1n\u011bni.<\/p>\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nev\u00edm, pro\u010d se lid\u00e9 st\u00e1vaj\u00ed pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010di, ale mysl\u00edm, \u017ee jsem z\u016fstal, abych vid\u011bl \u017eraloka pod vodou. Nebo je to proto, \u017ee jsem se b\u00e1la, \u017ee pod vodou uvid\u00edm \u017eraloka? Pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010di maj\u00ed ze \u017eralok\u016f sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00e9 pocity. Fascinace a obavy, v\u00fdzva a vzru\u0161en\u00ed. Za prv\u00e9, v\u0161ichni jsme m\u00e9dii krmeni strachem ze \u017eralok\u016f. Po\u010d\u00ednaje filmem“\u010celisti“, p\u0159es zpr\u00e1vy s […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":12396,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[96,98,97],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-36192","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog-cs","category-potapeni-scuba","category-pro-pokrocile"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deepspot.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36192","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deepspot.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deepspot.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deepspot.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deepspot.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=36192"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.deepspot.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36192\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":45096,"href":"https:\/\/www.deepspot.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36192\/revisions\/45096"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deepspot.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12396"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deepspot.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=36192"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deepspot.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=36192"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deepspot.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=36192"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}