{"id":36196,"date":"2021-08-10T11:35:32","date_gmt":"2021-08-10T09:35:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.deepspot.com\/jake-jsou-druhy-soutezi-ve-freedivingu-poznejte-discipliny-freedivingu-zaznamy\/"},"modified":"2024-05-20T10:10:07","modified_gmt":"2024-05-20T08:10:07","slug":"jake-jsou-druhy-soutezi-ve-freedivingu-poznejte-discipliny-freedivingu-zaznamy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.deepspot.com\/cs\/jake-jsou-druhy-soutezi-ve-freedivingu-poznejte-discipliny-freedivingu-zaznamy\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak\u00e9 jsou druhy sout\u011b\u017e\u00ed ve freedivingu? Poznejte discipl\u00edny freedivingu (+z\u00e1znamy)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Freediving neboli tzv. Voln\u00e9 pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed je pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed se zadr\u017een\u00fdm dechem bez akvalungu. D\u00e9lka pono\u0159en\u00ed pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010de p\u0159i t\u00e9to metod\u011b z\u00e1vis\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na jeho schopnosti bezpe\u010dn\u011b zadr\u017eet dech. Kl\u00ed\u010dem k uspokojiv\u00e9mu freedivingu jsou proto dechov\u00e1 cvi\u010den\u00ed a tr\u00e9nink efektivn\u00edho pono\u0159en\u00ed a vyno\u0159en\u00ed. Freediving lze provozovat v r\u00e1mci r\u016fzn\u00fdch discipl\u00edn ur\u010den\u00fdch pro pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010de v\u0161ech \u00farovn\u00ed zku\u0161enost\u00ed. Seznamte se se sout\u011b\u017eemi ve freedivingu pro pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010de, kte\u0159\u00ed cht\u011bj\u00ed rozv\u00edjet sv\u00e9 pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010dsk\u00e9 dovednosti, \u00fa\u010dastnit se r\u016fzn\u00fdch sout\u011b\u017e\u00ed a….. p\u0159ekon\u00e1vat rekordy!<\/p>\n\n

Freediving – nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pravidla<\/h2>\n\n

Freedive\u0159i se pot\u00e1p\u011bj\u00ed bez akvalungu, tj. bez vybaven\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9ho k d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00ed pod vodou. To v\u0161ak neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee se pot\u00e1p\u011bj\u00ed bez jak\u00e9hokoli vybaven\u00ed! P\u0159i freedivingu se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed vybaven\u00ed: masky a br\u00fdle (chr\u00e1n\u00ed o\u010di a umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed obdivovat podvodn\u00ed sv\u011bt), neopr\u00e9n nebo k\u016f\u017ee (chr\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011blo pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010de p\u0159ed ochlazen\u00edm), ploutve (zvy\u0161uj\u00ed pohyblivost pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010de) a z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e (\u00fa\u010dinn\u011b \u0159\u00edd\u00ed hloubku ponoru).<\/p>\n\n

Od roku 1991 p\u016fsob\u00ed AIDA International<\/a>(Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed asociace pro rozvoj apnoe<\/em>). – mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed federace n\u00e1rodn\u00edch federac\u00ed pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed na n\u00e1dech. Hlavn\u00edm \u00fakolem AIDA International je rozv\u00edjet vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed standardy pro pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed ve voln\u00e9m prostoru a organizovat mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed sout\u011b\u017ee a zlep\u0161ovat regulaci sportovn\u00edch sout\u011b\u017e\u00ed. Freedivingem se zab\u00fdvaj\u00ed i dal\u0161\u00ed organizace, v\u010detn\u011b CMAS<\/a>, ale AIDA je dominantn\u00ed a jej\u00ed standardy jsou nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n

Freediving je mo\u017en\u00e9 provozovat rekrea\u010dn\u011b a vychutn\u00e1vat si ticho a kr\u00e1su podmo\u0159sk\u00e9ho sv\u011bta – tato technika je \u010dasto p\u0159irovn\u00e1v\u00e1na k meditaci. Pokud v\u0161ak hled\u00e1te vzru\u0161en\u00ed a chcete aktivn\u011b rozv\u00edjet sv\u00e9 dovednosti, seznamte se se sportovn\u00edmi sout\u011b\u017eemi ve freedivingu. <\/p>\n\n

Sout\u011b\u017ee ve freedivingu – discipl\u00edny pro freedivery<\/h2>\n\n

Freediving se d\u011bl\u00ed na dv\u011b z\u00e1kladn\u00ed kategorie: freediving v baz\u00e9nu(apnoe swimming)<\/em> a hloubkov\u00fd freediving (ozna\u010dovan\u00fd tak\u00e9 jako spr\u00e1vn\u00fd nebo prav\u00fd freediving). Ka\u017ed\u00e1 discipl\u00edna m\u00e1 sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed p\u0159edpisy a pravidla. Bez ohledu na sout\u011b\u017e v\u0161ak mus\u00ed pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010di po ka\u017ed\u00e9m ponoru do 15 sekund po vyno\u0159en\u00ed vyplnit protokol o vyno\u0159en\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n

  • Odstran\u011bn\u00ed vybaven\u00ed \/ v\u00fdstroje z obli\u010deje – masky, br\u00fdl\u00ed a nosn\u00ed spony.<\/li>
  • Jasn\u00e1 uk\u00e1zka znamen\u00ed OK a slovn\u00ed potvrzen\u00ed: Jsem v po\u0159\u00e1dku.<\/em><\/li>
  • \u010cek\u00e1n\u00ed na verdikt soudce (a\u017e 30 sekund) – bez op\u011btovn\u00e9ho pono\u0159en\u00ed \u00fast do vody.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n

    Ztr\u00e1ta v\u011bdom\u00ed (blackout) a p\u0159\u00edznaky stla\u010den\u00ed plic pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010de v ka\u017ed\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b diskvalifikuj\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n

    Freediving v baz\u00e9nu<\/h3>\n\n

    Pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed se zadr\u017een\u00fdm dechem je dobr\u00e9 za\u010d\u00edt za co nejbezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch a pln\u011b kontrolovan\u00fdch podm\u00ednek. Proto v\u011bt\u0161ina pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010d\u016f za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 sv\u00e9 freedivingov\u00e9 dobrodru\u017estv\u00ed v baz\u00e9nu, a jakmile zvl\u00e1dnou z\u00e1klady, za\u010dnou rozv\u00edjet sv\u00e9 dovednosti ve dvou baz\u00e9nov\u00fdch discipl\u00edn\u00e1ch: statick\u00e9 (STA) a dynamick\u00e9 (DYN a DNF).<\/p>\n\n

    Statick\u00fd (STA) – statick\u00e9 zadr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed dechu. Sout\u011b\u017e spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v klidn\u00e9m le\u017een\u00ed na vod\u011b s pono\u0159en\u00fdmi d\u00fdchac\u00edmi cestami a v co nejdel\u0161\u00edm zadr\u017een\u00ed dechu. Tato zd\u00e1nliv\u011b snadn\u00e1 discipl\u00edna vy\u017eaduje od pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010de obrovskou s\u00edlu v\u016fle, schopnost \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b se odpoutat od reality, uklidnit se a soust\u0159edit se na dan\u00fd \u00fakol.<\/p>\n\n

    Dynamika (DYN – dynamick\u00e1 v ploutv\u00edch, DYN Bifins – dynamick\u00e1 ve dvojit\u00fdch ploutv\u00edch, DNF – dynamick\u00e1 bez ploutv\u00ed) – dynamick\u00e9 zadr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed dechu. Sout\u011b\u017e spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v ub\u011bhnut\u00ed co nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenosti se zadr\u017een\u00fdm dechem. Tato discipl\u00edna vy\u017eaduje, aby pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010d byl ve v\u00fdborn\u00e9 fyzick\u00e9 kondici a ovl\u00e1dal techniku plav\u00e1n\u00ed na nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 \u00farovni (podle pot\u0159eby s ploutvemi nebo bez nich).<\/p>\n\n

    Hloubkov\u00e9 freediving<\/h3>\n\n

    Hloubkov\u00fd freediving je o tom, jak se dostat co nejhloub\u011bji. Sout\u011b\u017e m\u016f\u017ee prob\u00edhat v jedn\u00e9 z n\u011bkolika kategori\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n

    • pevn\u00e1 z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e (CWT – s ploutvemi, CWT Bifins – s dvojit\u00fdmi ploutvemi, CNF – bez ploutv\u00ed) – pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010d dokon\u010d\u00ed sestup a v\u00fdstup vlastn\u00ed silou do co nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed hloubky s pevnou z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e\u00ed, kterou nem\u016f\u017ee b\u011bhem zkou\u0161ky odhodit; je povoleno jednou uchopit lano, aby dokon\u010dil sestup a zah\u00e1jil v\u00fdstup;<\/li>
    • variabiln\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e (VWT) – pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010d se pono\u0159\u00ed se z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e\u00ed (maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed hmotnost: 30 kg), kterou nech\u00e1 za sebou a po dosa\u017een\u00ed c\u00edlov\u00e9 \/ maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed hloubky se vyno\u0159\u00ed vlastn\u00ed silou; pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010d m\u016f\u017ee pou\u017e\u00edt ploutve, monoploutve a\/nebo lano;<\/li>
    • voln\u00e9 pono\u0159en\u00ed (FIM) – pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed bez ploutv\u00ed a s pevnou z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e\u00ed (bez mo\u017enosti m\u011bnit z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e b\u011bhem ponoru), pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010d se spou\u0161t\u00ed a vyno\u0159uje pomoc\u00ed lana, zp\u016fsob pono\u0159en\u00ed (hlavou dol\u016f nebo nohama dol\u016f) je libovoln\u00fd;<\/li>
    • no limits (NLT) – pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed do co nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed hloubky jak\u00fdmikoliv prost\u0159edky. v\u00fdtahy (pro rychl\u00fd v\u00fdstup, rychlost kles\u00e1n\u00ed obvykle p\u0159esahuje 2 m\/s) a vzduchov\u00e9 bal\u00f3ny nebo nafukovac\u00ed vesty (pro expresn\u00ed v\u00fdstup); vzhledem k obrovsk\u00e9 rychlosti v\u00fdstupu je pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed NLT spojeno s vysok\u00fdm rizikem dekompresn\u00ed nemoci a vy\u017eaduje od pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010de zku\u0161enosti a schopnost \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 kompenzace. <\/li><\/ul>\n\n

      Rekordy ve freedivingu<\/h2>\n\n

      Ka\u017ed\u00fd rok se stovky z\u00e1vodn\u00edk\u016f p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed na p\u0159ekon\u00e1n\u00ed rekord\u016f. Sou\u010dasn\u00e9 rekordy a roky, ve kter\u00fdch byly dosa\u017eeny, v\u0161ak jasn\u011b ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee discipl\u00edna freedivingu je nesm\u00edrn\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1 a ji\u017e dosa\u017een\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky jsou \u010dasto t\u011b\u017eko p\u0159ekonateln\u00e9. <\/p>\n\n

      Aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed rekordy pro jednotliv\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ee ve freedivingu:<\/p>\n\n

      • STA: 11 min 54 s – Branko Petrovi\u010d (SRB, 2014);9 min 02 s – Natalia Mol\u010danovov\u00e1 (RUS, 2013)<\/li>
      • DYN: 300m – Giorgos PANAGIOTAKIS (GRE, 2016), Mateusz Malina (POL, 2016); 237m -. Natalia Mol\u010danovov\u00e1 (RUS, 2014)<\/li>
      • CWT: 129 m – <\/strong>Alexej Mol\u010danov (RUS, 2017); 104 m – Alessia Zecchini (IT, 2017).<\/li>
      • VWT: 146 m – Stavros Kastrinakis (GRE, 2015); 130 m -Nanja Van Den Broek (NLD, 2015).<\/li>
      • FIM: 124 m – William TRUBRIDGE (NZL, 2016); 92 m – Jeanine GRASMEIJER (NL. 2016) <\/li>
      • NLT: 214 m – Herbert NITSCH (AUT, 2007); 160 m – Tanya STREETER (USA, 2002). <\/li><\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        Freediving neboli tzv. Voln\u00e9 pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed je pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed se zadr\u017een\u00fdm dechem bez akvalungu. D\u00e9lka pono\u0159en\u00ed pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010de p\u0159i t\u00e9to metod\u011b z\u00e1vis\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na jeho schopnosti bezpe\u010dn\u011b zadr\u017eet dech. Kl\u00ed\u010dem k uspokojiv\u00e9mu freedivingu jsou proto dechov\u00e1 cvi\u010den\u00ed a tr\u00e9nink efektivn\u00edho pono\u0159en\u00ed a vyno\u0159en\u00ed. Freediving lze provozovat v r\u00e1mci r\u016fzn\u00fdch discipl\u00edn ur\u010den\u00fdch pro pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010de v\u0161ech \u00farovn\u00ed zku\u0161enost\u00ed. Seznamte se […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":11590,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[100],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-36196","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-freediving-cs"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deepspot.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36196","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deepspot.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deepspot.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deepspot.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deepspot.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=36196"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.deepspot.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36196\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":36203,"href":"https:\/\/www.deepspot.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36196\/revisions\/36203"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deepspot.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11590"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deepspot.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=36196"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deepspot.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=36196"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deepspot.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=36196"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}